Logical errors
So as usual finding can be expressed in syllogistic form, then every fallacy can be reduced to a violation of the rules syllogize. The most common sources of logical sophistries are violations of the rules syllogize:
The conclusion from negative premise least in the first figure: All people are the essence of intelligent beings, inhabitants of the planets is not the essence of people, hence they are not the essence of intelligent beings;
The conclusion from affirmative premises in the second figure: Everything that can be found her innocent, should be to punish her, and you - to punish it, then you find her innocent;
The conclusion to the overall conclusion of the third figure: The law of Moses forbade theft, the law lost its force, therefore, theft is not forbidden;
Especially common mistake quaternio terminorum, ie the use of medium-term to long and to a lesser premise is not the same meaning: All the metals - the simple body, bronze - metal: bronze - a simple body (here at least sending the word metal not used in precise chemical meaning of the word denoting an alloy of metals): hence the syllogism is produced in four terms.